On smooth surfaces they cross-link with the surface. The result is that e.g. on hydrophilic surfaces, liquids can run of like pearls and take away dirt particles.

On sucking materials like textiles or wood, the coating material infiltrates the pores and covers each fiber. Moitsture and dirt particles can‘t permeate into the fibers because of the hydrophobicity, and run of like pearls.

Appearance, breathability and grip of all treated materials remain the same.